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Reviews 0. Quotes 0. ER and lipid synthesis e. Which of the following is most closely associated with cilia? Electron microscopes are about times more powerful than light microscopes. The cytoplasm includes everything between the plasma membrane and nucleus of a cell. DNA in the nucleus has the genetic instructions to make dynein. The nucleus indirectly governs most cellular activities by directing the kinds and amounts of various enzymes and other proteins that are produced by the cell.
The rough endoplasmic reticulum is most abundant in cells specialized for protein secretion, whereas smooth endoplasmic reticulum is abundant in cells that specialize in lipid metabolism. Proteins synthesized at the endoplasmic reticulum become permanently separated from the cytosol as soon as they have been synthesized. RER is most abundant in cells specialized for steroid production. The Golgi complex is functionally connected to the ER.
The endoplasmic reticulum is one continuous organelle consisting of many tubules and cisternae. Lysosomes synthesize hydrolase enzymes. The rough ER synthesizes proteins within their interconnected sacs.
Secretory vesicles are taken into a cell by means of phagocytosis. Secretory vesicles are about times larger than transport vesicles. Coated vesicles bud off the Golgi complex and contain various proteins. All cell organelles are renewable.
Vaults are presumably descendants of primitive bacterial cells. Endocytosis can only be accomplished by phagocytosis and pinocytosis. Phagocytosis is a specialized form of endocytosis used primarily for bringing ECF into the cytosol. Peroxisomes are nonmembranous organelles that generate and degrade hydrogen peroxide. Glycolysis utilizes most of the stored energy in glucose when synthesizing ATP molecules.
ATP synthase is located in the inner mitochondrial membrane. Most intermediary metabolism is accomplished in the cytosol. Oxidative phosphorylation generates more ATP per glucose molecule than does glycolysis. Dynein is a mitochondrial enzyme.
Cytokinesis is the division of the nucleus during mitosis. Amoeboid movement is accomplished by alternate assembly and disassembly of actin filaments. The protective, waterproof outer layer of skin is formed by the tough skeleton of intermediate filaments that persist after the surface skin cells die.
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is likely associated with the disruption of microtubules and microfilaments within motor neurons. The Golgi complex synthesizes recognition markers that recognize and attract specific sorting signals. Motor molecules cannot transport vesicles along intermediate filaments of the cytoskeleton.
Oxygen molecules are used in the Krebs cycle and at the end of the ETS. Primary cilia are responsible for moving dust from the respiratory tract. The cytoplasm is the same as the ICF. Lipid synthesis does not occur in the rough ER. The two primary organelles involved in detoxifying harmful substances are the peroxisomes and the Golgi complex. The amount of smooth ER within liver cells may change dramatically over a period of days, depending on the amount of drug detoxification that is required.
Peroxisomes arise from vesicles produced at the rough ER, while lysosomes arise from vesicles produced at the Golgi complex. The only time the contents of secretory vesicles come in contact with the cytosol is when the vesicle joins with the plasma membrane. Coatomers form around endosomes formed during receptor-mediated endocytosis.
Dynamin is synthesized inside endosomes and is responsible for pinching off the endosome from the plasma membrane. Skeletal muscle cells have numerous mitochondria within their endoplasmic reticulum and this special organization is called the mitochondrial reticulum. If a candy bar is likened to a single glucose molecule, then a pyruvate molecule would be likened to two candy bars.
The Krebs cycle occurs within the mitochondria while the citric acid cycle occurs in the cytosol. Houses the cell's DNA 2. Responsible for cell shape and movement 3. Highly organized membrane-bound intracellular structures 4.
Selectively controls movement of molecules between the intracellular fluid and the extracellular fluid 5. Consists of organelles and cytosol 6. Site of intermediary metabolism 7. Permits incompatible chemical reactions to occur simultaneously in the cell 8. Separates contents of the cell from its surroundings 9. Site of fat and glycogen storage 1.
Largest of the cytoskeletal elements Present in parts of the cell subject to mechanical stress Smallest element visible with a conventional electron microscope Consist of actin Form the mitotic spindle Essential for creating and maintaining an asymmetrical cell shape Composed of tubulin Provide a pathway for axonal transport Play a key role in muscle contraction Slide past each other to cause ciliary bending Contains enzymes important in detoxifying various wastes Important component of cilia and flagella Continuous extensive organelle consisting of a network of tubules and flattened filament Removes unwanted cellular debris and foreign material Produces most of the ATP for most cells Acts as a mechanical stiffener Synthesizes proteins for use in the cytosol Consists of stacks of flattened sacs May function as transporter of materials through the nuclear membrane Used as "highway" for kinesin and dynein Used as "highway" for myosin Descendents of bacteria that were engulfed by primitive cells Hair-like motile protrusions Increase the surface area of the small intestine epithelium Increase the surface area of the kidney tubules Enable sperm to move Whip-like appendages Guide egg to oviduct Disassembles and reassembles within pseudopods Moves along the smallest component of the cytoskeleton Separates chromosomes during mitosis Forms a covering around an endosome Causes pinching off of endocytic vesicles Moves toward the centriole along tubulin protein Indicate which of the characteristics applies to 1 glycolysis, 2 citric-acid cycle, or 3 oxidative phosphorylation.
Which number identifies the structure responsible for the synthesis of proteins that end up in secretory vesicles? Which number identifies the site of aerobic respiration? Which organelle gives rise to specialized vesicles that contain hydrolytic enzymes? Which organelle uses oxygen to strip hydrogens from organic molecules?
Which organelle contains structures that bind to docking-marker acceptors? The structure labeled "1" a. Label "3" identifies a. Which number identifies a structure that utilizes hydrolases to perform its function? Describe the pathway that newly synthesized polypeptides take on route for secretion. The smooth ER packages the proteins within transport vesicles that pass to the Golgi complex.
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